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06/06/2023
Low-carbon substitute fuels
Developing and using low-carbon substitute fuels is crucial for decarbonizing maritime transport. Synthetic fuels such as ammonia, hydrogen, methanol, and advanced biofuels can be used to replace traditional fossil fuels like heavy fuel oil and marine diesel.
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
LNG is a less polluting alternative to traditional fossil fuels. While it is still a fossil fuel, it emits fewer greenhouse gases when burned. Transitioning to LNG can be an intermediate step towards low-carbon synthetic fuels.
Electrification
Electrifying ships can be a viable solution for reducing carbon emissions. Electric propulsion systems, powered by batteries or hydrogen fuel cells, can be used for coastal vessels and ferries. However, electrifying large and long-distance ships remains a challenge due to technical constraints and the required energy capacity.
Wind Energy
Technologies such as kite sails, wind-assisted propulsion systems, and Flettner rotors can be used to harness wind energy and reduce reliance on internal combustion engines.
Energy Efficiency Optimization
Improving the energy efficiency of existing ships can contribute to emissions reduction. This can be achieved through route optimization, hull shape optimization, installation of waste heat recovery systems, and the use of energy-saving technologies such as variable-speed thrusters.
Recharging and Refueling Infrastructure
Developing recharging and refueling infrastructure for ships is essential to facilitate the adoption of new technologies. This may include the construction of battery charging stations, hydrogen production facilities, and synthetic fuel refueling terminals.
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